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Density Formula:
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Density (ρ) is a fundamental property of matter defined as mass per unit volume. Specific weight (γ) is the weight per unit volume of a material. The relationship between these two properties is governed by the gravitational acceleration.
The calculator uses the density formula:
Where:
Explanation: This formula converts specific weight (weight-based measurement) to density (mass-based measurement) by accounting for gravitational acceleration.
Details: Density is a critical parameter in fluid mechanics, material science, and engineering applications. It helps determine buoyancy, material selection, and fluid behavior in various systems.
Tips: Enter specific weight in N/m³ and gravitational acceleration in m/s². Standard gravity is approximately 9.81 m/s² on Earth's surface. All values must be positive numbers.
Q1: What's the difference between density and specific weight?
A: Density is mass per unit volume (kg/m³), while specific weight is weight per unit volume (N/m³). Specific weight includes the effect of gravity.
Q2: Why is gravitational acceleration needed in this calculation?
A: Since specific weight incorporates gravity (weight = mass × gravity), we need to divide by gravity to extract the mass component for density calculation.
Q3: Does density change with gravity?
A: No, density is mass per volume and is independent of gravity. Specific weight changes with gravity, which is why we need this conversion.
Q4: What are typical units for these measurements?
A: Density is typically in kg/m³, specific weight in N/m³, and gravity in m/s². Ensure consistent units for accurate calculations.
Q5: How does altitude affect this calculation?
A: Gravity decreases slightly with altitude, which affects specific weight measurements. For precise calculations, use local gravity values if available.