1. What is the Molarity Dilution Formula?

The Molarity Dilution Formula (M₂ = M₁V₁/V₂) calculates the final concentration of a solution after dilution. It's based on the principle that the number of moles of solute remains constant before and after dilution.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the dilution formula:

Where:

• \( M_1 \) — Initial molarity (mol/L)
• \( V_1 \) — Initial volume (L)
• \( V_2 \) — Final volume after dilution (L)
• \( M_2 \) — Final molarity (mol/L)

Explanation: The formula maintains the conservation of moles, where the product of initial concentration and volume equals the product of final concentration and volume.

3. Importance of Dilution Calculations

Details: Dilution calculations are essential in chemistry laboratories for preparing solutions of desired concentrations, performing titrations, and conducting various analytical procedures.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter initial molarity in mol/L, initial volume in liters, and final volume in liters. All values must be positive numbers. The calculator will compute the final molarity after dilution.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Can I use different volume units?
A: Yes, as long as you use consistent units for both V₁ and V₂ (e.g., both in liters or both in milliliters).

Q2: What if I need to find V₁ or V₂ instead?
A: The formula can be rearranged: V₁ = (M₂ × V₂)/M₁ or V₂ = (M₁ × V₁)/M₂ depending on what you need to calculate.

Q3: Does temperature affect dilution calculations?
A: Temperature can affect volume measurements but doesn't change the number of moles. For precise work, measure volumes at the temperature specified.

Q4: Can this formula be used for serial dilutions?
A: Yes, for serial dilutions, you would apply the formula sequentially for each dilution step.

Q5: What's the difference between dilution and concentration?
A: Dilution decreases concentration by adding solvent, while concentration increases concentration by removing solvent or adding more solute.