1. What is Fresnel Reflection?

Fresnel reflection describes the reflection of light at the interface between two media with different refractive indices. The reflection coefficient quantifies the fraction of light that is reflected at normal incidence.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Fresnel reflection equation:

Where:

• \( RC \) — Reflection coefficient (unitless)
• \( n_1 \) — Refractive index of first medium
• \( n_2 \) — Refractive index of second medium

Explanation: This equation calculates the reflection coefficient for normal incidence, where light strikes the interface perpendicularly.

3. Importance of Reflection Coefficient

Details: The reflection coefficient is crucial in optics, photonics, and telecommunications for designing anti-reflective coatings, optical filters, and understanding light behavior at material interfaces.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the refractive indices of both media. Both values must be positive numbers greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the range of possible RC values?
A: The reflection coefficient ranges from -1 to 1, with negative values indicating a phase reversal upon reflection.

Q2: Does this equation work for all angles of incidence?
A: No, this simplified equation is specifically for normal incidence (0° angle). Different equations are needed for oblique incidence.

Q3: What is the relationship between RC and reflectance?
A: Reflectance (R) is the square of the reflection coefficient: \( R = RC^2 \), which represents the fraction of incident power that is reflected.

Q4: Can this be used for complex refractive indices?
A: For absorbing media with complex refractive indices, the calculation becomes more complex and requires consideration of both real and imaginary components.

Q5: What are typical refractive index values?
A: Air: ~1.0, Water: ~1.33, Glass: ~1.5, Diamond: ~2.42. These values vary with wavelength and temperature.